-        Introduction, histology, aims and objects

-        Morphological development of head. Development of jaw bones, normal dentition,  temporomandibular joints: and oral musculature. Anatomy of facial muscles and bones

-        Eruption of primary teeth, fixed and permanent dentition

-        Development of normal occlusion, and its variations

-        Etiology of Dento-facial deformities

-        Classification of Malocclusion

-        Movement of teeth and their effects on periodontium and bones.

Diagnosis:

History, Intra oral, Extra oral examination, X-ray Cephalemetrios, Study models, analysis.

Treatment Planning:

Psychological considerations of child patient.

Therapy:

Interceptive and preventive measures, Serial .extractions. Frenectomy and other surgical aids.  Functional therapy.

Appliance:

Fixed removable, active. functional and passive appliances. indications, construction techniques and follow up procedures.

-        Oral prophylaxis during appliance therapy.

-     Causes of failure in Orthodontic treatment.

-     Oral Prophylaxis during appliance therapy.

-     Causes of failure in Orthodontic treatment.